Mig 31 Speed - In early February, Russia's Central Military District conducted an exercise against a hypothetical intruder, and while such exercises were not unexpected, they drew attention because they involved a MiG-31BM supersonic fighter-interceptor. The pilots reportedly flew about 30 sorties in the exercise, which was held near the Ural Mountains and practiced their own measures to detect, track, force land and conceptually eliminate airspace intruders.
"The pilots visually detected the plane and shut it down," the press service of the Central Military District told TASS. "MiG-31BM fighter-interceptor crews worked in pairs, forcing the intruders to climb to extreme altitudes."
Mig 31 Speed
The Mikoyan MiG-31 was developed during the Cold War as a home defense interceptor. Codenamed "Foxhound" by NATO, the long-range two-seat supersonic aircraft maintains a certain mystique in the West, in part due to much speculation about its full range of capabilities. It made its first flight in September 1975 and was designed to operate effectively in all weather conditions.
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Derived from the MiG-25 Foxbat interceptor and equipped with state-of-the-art digital avionics, the aircraft was never exported from the Soviet Union and of the more than 500 produced, most remain in service with the Russian Air Force, while around thirty remain with the Kazakhstan Air Force.
Although Syria reportedly ordered eight of the MiG-31E aircraft in 2007, the order was halted due to a lack of funds in Syria as well as pressure from Israel. Turkish media reported that six of the planes
It was delivered for use by the Syrian Arab Air Force, but Russia has denied actually selling the plane to Syria.
During the end of the Cold War, the MiG-31 Foxhound could have been used to chase down the US Army's SR-71 Blackbird spy plane and reportedly jam it with its missiles, but since the U.S. Whether the incident happened or not, remains a matter of conjecture as the reconnaissance planes were not actually used to fly over Soviet airspace.
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Most recently, it was reported that the Russian military has upgraded the MiG-31 Foxhound and explored the possibility of equipping the homeland defense interceptor with hypersonic missiles, which would make the airframe a much more serious threat. Despite the fact that the aircraft date back to the 1970s, Russia has an established tendency to preserve original aircraft designs by integrating modern weapons and avionics, and this led to the modernization of the MiG-31BM a decade ago. The upgrade provided network oriented combat control as well as a phased array radar.
The upgraded MiG-31BM can also use long-range R-33 air-to-air missiles and short-range R-73 weapons. Powered by two D-30F6 engines providing a take-off thrust of 15,500 kgf each, the fighter-interceptor has a top speed of 3,000 km/h and a range of 20,600 meters. It is also equipped with an in-air refueling system.
It is not known how many of the original MiG-31s were upgraded to the 31BM standard, but it is reported that less than 100 of the original 500 aircraft were built during the Soviet era.
Peter Susi is a writer based in Michigan who has contributed to over four dozen magazines, newspapers and websites. He writes regularly about military small arms and is the author of several books, including Military Hat.
The Mig 31 Foxhound: One Of The World's Greatest Interceptors
EXPERT BIOGRAPHY: Senior Editor for 1945, Peter Suciu is a Michigan writer who has contributed to more than four dozen magazines, newspapers and websites, with more than 3,000 published articles in a twenty-year career in journalism. He writes regularly on military technology, firearms history, cyber security and international affairs. Peter is also a contributor to Forbes. You can follow him on Twitter: @PeterSuciu The MiG-31 Foxhound is a two-seat supersonic long-range interceptor aircraft primarily offered by the Russian Aircraft Corporation (formerly Mikoyan and MiG) for the Air Forces of Russia and Kazakhstan. . Its first flight took place in September 1975.
The MiG-31 can operate effectively in all weather conditions, observing visual flight rules (VFR) and instrument flight rules (IFR), day and night. The MiG-31 is the first Soviet combat aircraft with the ability to look down and shoot realistically.
More than 500 MiG-31s were produced, of which 370 were delivered to the Russian Air Force and 30 were in service with the Kazakhstan Air Force. The remaining aircraft were modernized in various forms under multiple modernization programs. Only part of the Russian MiG fleet has been upgraded to MiG-31BM standards as part of the modernization program.
The Russian Ministry of Defense announced its intention to invest in the modernization and life extension program of the MiG-31 Foxhound interceptor in July 2020.
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In 2007, Russia's United Aircraft Corporation (UAC) signed two contracts with Syria worth $1 billion. One contract was for the MiG-29M and the other for the MiG-31. MiG-29M deliveries continued, but MiG-31 deliveries did not take effect until 2009, when the UAC confirmed plans to deliver eight MiG-31 aircraft to Syria under a $1 billion contract. Eight MiG-31s were ordered in a $400 million deal signed in 2007. The order was canceled in May 2009 due to pressure from Israel and lack of funds.
The MiG-25 Foxbat was unable to fly at low altitude. The installation of inefficient turbojet engines led to a reduction in the combat range at supersonic speeds and an increase in the pressure gauge of the MiG-25, which led to the failure of the aircraft's engine.
In an attempt to overcome the shortcomings of the MiG-25 Foxbat, the MiG-31 was developed to fly at lower altitudes with the required supersonic speed. The MiG-31 is equipped with efficient turbofan engines with a low bypass ratio, which allows for an increase in combat range.
Production of the MiG-31 began in 1979, and by 1982 the aircraft was fully ready for Soviet air defense (Air Defense). The economic downturn in the USSR made it difficult for many squadrons to maintain their sophisticated MiG-31 aircraft. As a result, about 20% of MiG-31 aircraft were withdrawn from service. However, about 75% of these aircraft returned to service with the Russian Air Force in 2006 when strong economic growth returned.
Mig 31 Foxhound Interceptor Aircraft
The MiG-31 has a highly aerodynamic and streamlined airframe capable of flying at high speeds at low altitudes. The aircraft is specially designed to track multiple targets simultaneously at high altitudes.
The body of the MiG-31 consists of a variety of materials, including welded nickel steel (49%), titanium (16%), aluminum alloy (33%) and 2% composites. Four underwing pylons are also installed in the fuselage of the aircraft.
The fuselage of the aircraft is designed to provide side rectangular and diagonal air intakes and has a bubble bowl with a long pointed nose.
MiG-31 variants include MiG-31A, MiG-31B, MiG-31BS, MiG-31E, MiG-31F, MiG-31BM, MiG-31FE, MiG-31LL, MiG-31M, MiG-31D, MiG-31C. and MiG-31K.
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Commercial satellite launch versions of the MiG-31A and MiG-31C have been used to train astronauts, conduct research in the upper atmosphere, and launch the Aerospace Rally System rocket-powered suborbital glider for space tourism.
The MiG-31E is an upgraded version of the MiG-31 supersonic interceptor. Its length is 21.6 meters, wingspan is 13.45 meters and height is 6.45 meters. The empty weight of the aircraft is 21,825 kg.
The MiG-31E is equipped with an on-board RP-31E phased array radar. It can track ten targets from long range and destroy four. In normal and adverse weather conditions, the MiG-31E has the ability to destroy air targets flying at an altitude of 50 m to 28,000 m in the front and rear hemispheres.
In the absence of ground-based air defense systems, the MiG-31E aircraft scans the airspace with a width of 900 km to 1000 km. An infrared (IR) targeting device mounted on the variant can track targets by thermal radiation in a passive blind attack mode.
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The MiG-31M is an upgraded version of the MiG-31. The variant was developed by retrofitting the cockpit of the MiG-31 with multiple electron beam tubes (CRTs) and an increased number of missiles.
The MiG-31BM is a high-speed, long-range multirole fighter capable of destroying both air and ground targets. The variant is equipped with upgraded avionics, manual throttle and stick controls (HOTAS), color multifunction liquid crystal displays (MFD), powerful on-board computer system, digital data link and phased array radar. It has the ability to engage 24 targets simultaneously.
The MiG-31D is an anti-satellite missile developed in 1987 as part of the US ASAT (Anti-Satellite Weapon) program. It is equipped with a large missile under the fuselage and a special upward-looking radar. An associated interceptor fire control system is also equipped.
In 2019, two modernized MiG-31BM fighters entered service with the Russian army. Upgrades include a new multi-mode radar, avionics, manual throttle and stick (HOTAS) controls and multi-function displays.
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The MiG-31 is equipped with digital avionics such as a cockpit MFD and a liquid crystal display (LCD) that provide updated instrument readings and radar information.
Both the front and rear of the cockpit are equipped with zero/zero ejection seats, allowing the pilot to fly at altitude and prioritize airspeed. The pilot sits in the forward cockpit seat, while the weapons systems officer (WSO) sits in the rear cockpit seat, controlling radar operation and weapon deployment, thereby reducing pilot workload and increasing efficiency.
The MiG-31 aircraft is equipped with four "Pennant R-33E" long-range air-to-air missiles. The R-33 can be launched in inertial navigation mode to engage targets at altitude
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